Saturday, September 2, 2017

Future Drone Regulations - 4.4 Research Blog UNSY501

Drone use in the U.S. is becoming increasingly popular as the technology becomes cheaper and simpler to use for the novice.  The FAA expects hobbyist drones to increase from 1.1 million drones in 2016 to 3.5 million by 2021 (Shepardson, 2017).  Commercial drones are expected to increase from 42,000 in 2016 to 442,000 by 2021 (Shepardson, 2017).  The number of pilots for drones is expected to grow from 20,000 in 2016 to 200,000-400,000 by 2021 (Shepardson, 2017).  In 2016 the White House commented that by 2025 unmanned aircraft will lead to $82 billion in economic growth and support an additional 100,000 jobs (Shepardson, 2017).

With that kind of growth in the unmanned aircraft industry I believe the FAA will have to step in and develop rules governing their uses, which they have already.  The regulations will need to continue to grow and evolve with the industry. Currently part 107 states pilots need to be certified, only fly during the day, keep it in line of sight, don’t overfly people and fly in class G airspace only (Getting Started, 2017).

All of these regulations make sense and are designed to protect the operators, bystanders and aircraft in the area.  I don’t believe allow for the full growth of the industry.  If operators could operate beyond line of site it would improve the productivity of certain occupations that are using drones, such as surveying or land management. Both Amazon and Google are considering drone use for delivery of goods, which would require flight beyond line of sight and flying into neighborhoods around people (Shepardson, 2017). In a 2017 article The Economist discusses how regulation is going to drive the technology used in drones.

Drone operators and companies can apply for a waiver for part 107, provided they can show how they can still be operated safely under the waiver they are asking for (The Future of Drones, 2017).  If a drone needs to be flown after sunset it requires a light on the drone that is visible from three miles away and the operator must be trained to fly at night (The Future of Drones, 2017).  Brendan Schulman, head of policy at DJI, believes that waivers such as night flights will be what leads to new rules by the FAA (The Future of Drones, 2017).   I think it’s a step in the right direction if the FAA looks at what waivers are being applied for and shape the polices to allow for the waivers as part of the regulations.

The FAA is looking to drone operators on how to allow them to mitigate the risk of flying over people (The Future of Drones, 2017).  DJI is looking at possibly adding parachutes to drones, some form of cushioning or making them so light that if they do fall onto someone there would be little injury caused (The Future of Drones, 2017). 

DJI currently supports “geo-fencing” using AirMap.  This uses a database and the GPS in the DJI to control where drones are and are not allowed to fly, such as flying to close to an airport, the drone will not allow the operator to enter an area restricted drone flight (The Future of Drones, 2017).    If the FAA can combine current airspace restrictions and NOTAMs into something such as AirMap I feel this would be an excellent barrier to keep drones from flying where they should not. “Geo-fencing” would also allow for beyond line of sight flight, an operator can't get disoriented and fly into controlled airspace. 

The Economist points out that the regulations are what is going to drive the future of drones.  Regulations allowing for night flights will drive an anti-collision light on drones.  “Geo-fencing” will mean drones will require GPS. If some form of ATC is developed for drones they will need a version of a transponder, and a way to detect other drones in their vicinity to avoid collisions.  I personally and excited about the future of drone use and I hope to see the market grow, as well as the FAA stay current on what rules and regulations are required. 




References:

The Future of Drones Depends on Regulation, not just Technology. (2017, June 10). Retrieved September 02, 2017, from https://www.economist.com/news/technology-quarterly/21723000-engineers-and-regulators-will-have-work-together-ensure-safety-drones-take

Getting Started. (2017, July 31). Retrieved September 02, 2017, from https://www.faa.gov/uas/getting_started/


Shepardson, D. (2017, March 22). U.S. commercial drone use to expand tenfold by 2021: government agency. Retrieved September 02, 2017, from http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-drones/u-s-commercial-drone-use-to-expand-tenfold-by-2021-government-agency-idUSKBN16S2NM

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